Strong on both Core Competencies and 360-Performance. These firms have proven track records, deep specialisation, and solid client outcomes. Default recommendation for most buyers.
Top BPO Companies in the World
Goodfirms has reviewed 6,232 BPO Companies in the World as of September 2026 across 114 countries. The top-ranked firm is Appointment Setter Online (4.9 stars, 46 verified reviews, NA, founded 2010, Albany). Across the category, the median hourly rate is $25, median client rating is 4.8, and 31% of firms employ 50+ members. Explore the vetted BPO Companies in the World below, compare their strengths, and connect with the provider best suited to your requirements.
Are you searching for the top BPO companies in the world? Goodfirms has curated a list of the best BPO service providers, backed by verified client reviews, to help you find the right partner faster. BPO services free up internal resources, allowing business leaders to focus on core strategy, explore new revenue streams, and improve the customer experience while cutting operational costs. International BPO companies also offer stronger market positioning through lower rates and better service delivery. You can browse the top rated BPO companies and BPO companies with reviews below to connect with the right partner for your business needs.
How this list is built: All 6,232 firms below pass Goodfirms' 4-step verification process (background check, client interviews, portfolio audit, ongoing quality review). Listings marked "Sponsored" are agencies that pay for premium placement - sponsorship does not affect star ratings or review content.
Top 10 at Glance
Compare the highest-ranked firms first side by side.
Here are the World's Top BPO Companies & Service Providers
Malone takes care of business by taking care of people. We’re a national, full-service staffing provider that feels like working with a friend. You’ll always get our undivided attention, best ideas, and whatever-it-takes work ethic. Malone Workforce Solutions is proud to serve clients from more than 75 offices, for five decades and counting. A “together ... read Malone reviews & insights
Malone takes care of business by taking care of people. We’re a national, full-service staffing ... read Malone reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr250 - 9991969Louisville, United StatesRussell Tobin, one of the nation’s leading professional recruitment and staffing advisory firms, offers a tailored approach to helping organizations connect with direct hire and contract employees across a variety of skillsets and industries. Having a depth and breadth of industry expertise, our talent advisors and recruitment specialists are able to provide customized and swift ... read Russell Tobin reviews & insights
Russell Tobin, one of the nation’s leading professional recruitment and staffing advisory firms, offers a ... read Russell Tobin reviews & insights
< $25/hr50 - 2492010Denver, United StatesCold Calling, Appointment Setting and Sales Lead Generation Experts. Dedicated, U.S. Sales Agent Model. Best Service in Business! We have generated over 200,000 date-and-time-specific appointments. Our mission is to provide appointment setting services to our clients to accelerate growth in the shortest time possible.A leader since 2002, GenSales is a pioneer in the B2B appointment ... read GenSales reviews & insights
Cold Calling, Appointment Setting and Sales Lead Generation Experts. Dedicated, U.S. Sales Agent Model. Best ... read GenSales reviews & insights
< $25/hr10 - 492002Denver, United StatesGlobal Help Desk Services provides help desk outsourcing services to enterprise-sized companies. That is 100% of our focus. You can use us to be the first point of contact for your employees and/or customers to handle technical issues, resolve problems, and escalate those things that can’t be resolved by the internal help desk. Your outsourced ... read Global Help Desk Services reviews & insights
Global Help Desk Services provides help desk outsourcing services to enterprise-sized companies. That is 100% ... read Global Help Desk Services reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr50 - 2492002Hartford, United StatesAmerican Customer Care specializes in providing individualized contact with your customers, including multilingual capabilities and specialized knowledge skills. We maximize your up-selling and cross-selling opportunities to make each of your programs as profitable as possible. Founded in 1986, the American Customer Care culture is rooted in the belief that exceptional performance is a function of ... read American Customer Care reviews & insights
American Customer Care specializes in providing individualized contact with your customers, including multilingual capabilities and ... read American Customer Care reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr1,000 - 9,9991986Hartford, United StatesLeadJen is one of the best B2B appointment setting and B2B lead generation companies that helps corporate sales and marketing teams drive more revenue and better understand their market through database building, custom marketing campaigns & B2B appointment setting.
LeadJen is one of the best B2B appointment setting and B2B lead generation companies that ... read LeadJen reviews & insights
< $25/hr10 - 492004Indianapolis, United StatesStrategic Sales & Marketing, Inc (SSM) is a lead generation company specializing in B2B lead generation, appointment setting, and managing sales leads for major accounts in multiple industry sectors. Founded in 1989 by Al Davidson, Strategic Sales, and Marketing is widely recognized as one of the “leading lights” of the lead generation industry.
Strategic Sales & Marketing, Inc (SSM) is a lead generation company specializing in B2B lead ... read Strategic Sales & Marketing reviews & insights
< $25/hr10 - 491989Hartford, United States3PL Worldwide lives up to our commitment to our clients, to their customers, and to protecting the bottom line every day by providing fast, flexible fulfillment. We combine the best in order management, logistics and fulfillment services, bi-coastal warehouse facilities and call center management to create happy customers one order at a time. 3PL meets ... read 3PL World Wide reviews & insights
3PL Worldwide lives up to our commitment to our clients, to their customers, and to ... read 3PL World Wide reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr50 - 2492005Hartford, United StatesEastern Account System has over 30 years of proven success in handling our clients’ customer service, delinquency and collections needs. We are uniquely positioned to respond quickly to the evolving demographics of your customer base and helping them with their customer service needs or delinquency resolution. We can quickly calibrate our call scripts, and our ... read Eastern Account System reviews & insights
Eastern Account System has over 30 years of proven success in handling our clients’ customer ... read Eastern Account System reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr250 - 9991987Danbury, United StatesWe work to connect people, connect business, connect your customer to your company. We connect your dream to your goals, that connects your goal, that connects your achievement, that connects to your success.
We work to connect people, connect business, connect your customer to your company. We connect ... read Ayty Tech reviews & insights
< $25/hr50 - 2492008Florianopolis, BrazilMDS specializes in both outbound and inbound fundraising calls for renewal, reactivation and acquisition efforts. For each MDS calling campaign our Account Management team determines, with your organization, what the objective of the calling effort is and build a strategy to best meet that goal.
MDS specializes in both outbound and inbound fundraising calls for renewal, reactivation and acquisition efforts. ... read MDS Communication reviews & insights
< $25/hr250 - 9991992Mesa, United StatesLiveops offers an on-demand skilled workforce of onshore virtual agents for customer service and sales. With no call center overhead or wasted idle time, our pay-per-use model scales to meet seasonal or time of day spikes in demand.
Liveops offers an on-demand skilled workforce of onshore virtual agents for customer service and sales. ... read Liveops reviews & insights
< $25/hr50 - 2492000Scottsdale, United StatesBack Office Betties is a boutique virtual receptionist company serving law firms across the United States and Canada. We’re the secret, behind-the-scenes superstars who answer incoming calls, schedule appointments, phone your clients to relay messages, and free up your time so you can play
Back Office Betties is a boutique virtual receptionist company serving law firms across the United ... read Back Office Betties reviews & insights
< $25/hr10 - 492014Scottsdale, United StatesTeffia Inc. is a trusted provider of fully-integrated Call Center, Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) solutions and Receivabless Management services.
Teffia Inc. is a trusted provider of fully-integrated Call Center, Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) solutions ... read Teffia reviews & insights
< $25/hr2 - 9Phoenix, United StatesOur name says it all. We engage with our clients to create effective solutions for specific business challenges. Companies and organizations often need additional support to manage finances, community engagement, customer relations and control systems. That’s where our experts come to help. We become part of your team to create strategies just as unique as ... read Engaging Solutions reviews & insights
Our name says it all. We engage with our clients to create effective solutions for ... read Engaging Solutions reviews & insights
< $25/hr10 - 492005Indianapolis, United StatesExtraordinary experiences don't happen by chance. They are the result of a positive culture that breeds accountability, innovative approach to solutions, commitment to continuous improvement and an alignment between systems and processes to transform the business from ordinary to extraordinary and provide a competitive edge.
Extraordinary experiences don't happen by chance. They are the result of a positive culture that ... read Valor Global reviews & insights
< $25/hr1,000 - 9,9992004Scottsdale, United StatesWe were founded on the belief that every conversation is an opportunity, whether it’s to build trust, provide assistance, get advice, share information or find out something new. It’s important to get it right — every time.At Interactions, we help leading brands have millions of productive conversations with their busy customers every day, no matter ... read Interactions reviews & insights
We were founded on the belief that every conversation is an opportunity, whether it’s to ... read Interactions reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr250 - 9992004Franklin, United StatesAs a trusted partner and compassionate advocate, we are a leading provider of comprehensive eligibility and enrollment services and claims resolution for hospitals, patients, individuals and their families. For hospitals and providers, it’s an improved revenue cycle, educational resources and a better bottom line. For uninsured and underinsured patients, it’s caringly navigating them through the ... read ClaimAid reviews & insights
As a trusted partner and compassionate advocate, we are a leading provider of comprehensive eligibility ... read ClaimAid reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr50 - 249Indianapolis, United StatesTeleDirect provides on-demand software solutions unsurpassed in the contact center industry. Being the only on-demand contact center in the world, TeleDirect provides online scripting, reporting and lead delivery tools that incorporate your latest business needs in real time. We can help with your call script design, work flow and all the key pieces of information ... read TeleDirect Communications reviews & insights
TeleDirect provides on-demand software solutions unsurpassed in the contact center industry. Being the only on-demand ... read TeleDirect Communications reviews & insights
$50 - $99/hr50 - 2491961Sacramento, United StatesEstablished in 1998, America's Call Center (ACC) has become the premiere provider and global leader of integrated call center services exclusively for the home inspection industry. With two decades of knowledge, deep interaction and unparalleled experience in the inspection industry, ACC brings an unmatched service that increases profits and reduces operating expenses for single and ... read ACC reviews & insights
Established in 1998, America's Call Center (ACC) has become the premiere provider and global leader ... read ACC reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr50 - 2491998Kansas City, United StatesWe are Centrinex, the nation’s leader in call center management specifically for the financial services industry. When online lenders want to improve conversion and default rates, they turn to an experienced call center to help them improve the process. And when they want to do this using the best people, tools and market intelligence in ... read CentrineX reviews & insights
We are Centrinex, the nation’s leader in call center management specifically for the financial services ... read CentrineX reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr250 - 9992005Lenexa, United StatesAt Hartley and Associates, we understand how important your business communications are; so we continuously invest in our people, and our technology, to provide you with the best service possible.
At Hartley and Associates, we understand how important your business communications are; so we continuously ... read Hartley and Associates reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr50 - 2491979Santa Rosa, United StatesAt Aureon, we offer reliable business solutions so our clients can focus on their day-to-day operations. For more than 30 years, connectivity has driven our business and has been woven into the network of solutions we offer customers. From technology to consulting to contact center operations, we develop creative and customized solutions based on our ... read Aureon reviews & insights
At Aureon, we offer reliable business solutions so our clients can focus on their day-to-day ... read Aureon reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr250 - 9991988Overland Park, United StatesYour customers require a lot of attention. They want service. They have questions. They demand answers and resolution. As your business grows so does the pressure on your resources and call center. Pretty soon, you’re spending more time on managing your call center than you are on your business. Even worse, being bogged down with ... read Novasors reviews & insights
Your customers require a lot of attention. They want service. They have questions. They demand ... read Novasors reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr250 - 9992005Lenexa, United StatesLocated in Milwaukee, WI. Pink Sky Marketing specializes in setting Business to Business(B2B) QUALIFIED APPOINTMENTS and lead generation. We are passionate about getting your sales team in front of key decision makers in an effort to acquire new clients.
Located in Milwaukee, WI. Pink Sky Marketing specializes in setting Business to Business(B2B) QUALIFIED APPOINTMENTS ... read Pink Sky Marketing reviews & insights
< $25/hr2 - 92007Milwaukee, United StatesFounded in 1995, privately held Alta Resources specializes in customer-management business-process outsourcing for world-recognized brands across various industries, including consumer-packaged goods, health care/insurance and entertainment.
Founded in 1995, privately held Alta Resources specializes in customer-management business-process outsourcing for world-recognized brands ... read Alta Resources reviews & insights
< $25/hr1,000 - 9,9991995Neenah, United StatesFor over 30 years, Thumbs Up has been a leading provider of call center services. Our mission is to create and promote mutually rewarding relationships between our clients and their customers. We continue to enjoy an excellent reputation for first-class customer service, winning results, cost-effective pricing and awesome ROIs!
For over 30 years, Thumbs Up has been a leading provider of call center services. ... read Thumbs Up Marketing reviews & insights
< $25/hr50 - 2491979St. Louis, United StatesRAINMAKER SALES SUPPORT IS DEDICATED TO BEING YOUR SALES PARTNER.The company was originated by a sales person, that saw a gap in follow through and prospecting among many of her peers.We are a company composed of sales people, that understand the nuances of the selling process.We handle every account as if we are cultivating our ... read RainMaker reviews & insights
RAINMAKER SALES SUPPORT IS DEDICATED TO BEING YOUR SALES PARTNER.The company was originated by a ... read RainMaker reviews & insights
< $25/hr10 - 492000St. Louis, United StatesA privately held company founded in 1997, Customer Direct has been developing and enhancing Customer Interaction Software and Contact Center Services for over 20 years Headquartered in St. Ann, Missouri, our team of 350+ provides Customer Care Solutions, Outsourced Business Processes, Powerful Business Intelligence and Communication Technology Consulting. Our centralized location and onshore workforce ensures ... read Customer Direct reviews & insights
A privately held company founded in 1997, Customer Direct has been developing and enhancing Customer ... read Customer Direct reviews & insights
< $25/hr250 - 9991997St. Louis, United StatesSaviLinx is more than an outsourced contact center – we are a strategic partner for customer service outsourcing. We answer your customer service and tech support calls with respect, integrity, and passion. We pair our solutions with powerful analytics designed to help you exceed goals, drive revenue, and stand out from the competition.
SaviLinx is more than an outsourced contact center – we are a strategic partner for ... read SaviLinx reviews & insights
< $25/hr250 - 9992013Brunswick, United StatesLaunch fills its clients' sales pipelines with qualified leads and scheduled sales appointments. Launch generates targeted lead lists, qualifies each lead, and schedules sales opportunities on behalf of its clients. Launch also helps companies looking to verify, then qualify their inbound leads for a live transfer or to schedule an appointment for your sales team ... read Launch Leads reviews & insights
Launch fills its clients' sales pipelines with qualified leads and scheduled sales appointments. Launch generates ... read Launch Leads reviews & insights
$100 - $149/hr50 - 2492009Salt Lake City, United StatesThrough quality, performance and service, NexRep is mounting a revolution in the contact center industry by leveraging an exceptional U.S.-based at-home agent pool.
Through quality, performance and service, NexRep is mounting a revolution in the contact center industry ... read NexRep reviews & insights
< $25/hr2 - 9Portland, United StatesListenTrust is the leading bilingual contact center for English and Spanish agent services with a focus on strengthening the person-to-person connection to improve a customer’s experience with a client’s brand.
ListenTrust is the leading bilingual contact center for English and Spanish agent services with a ... read ListenTrust reviews & insights
< $25/hr250 - 9992006Portland, United StatesCommunication takes almost endless form, from how something is said between two people, to high speed data transmission over fiberoptics. Voyager's mission is to combine quality customer service with opportunities in communications industry to provide needed services to our community.
Communication takes almost endless form, from how something is said between two people, to high ... read Voyager Call Center reviews & insights
< $25/hr2 - 91994Brewer, United StatesTotal RCM Solutions is a St.Louis, MO-based company that has been providing exceptional medical billing and coding services to specialty physician practices and ambulatory surgical centers. We were founded by healthcare executives as a solution to their on-going billing and coding problems. For over 15 years, we have been working to provide our clients with ... read Total RCM Solutions reviews & insights
Total RCM Solutions is a St.Louis, MO-based company that has been providing exceptional medical billing ... read Total RCM Solutions reviews & insights
< $25/hr10 - 49St. Louis, United StatesAs a full service Business Processes Outsource Provider, InSite enables its clients to take advantage of our technology and expertise to provide their customers with professional customer care at all levels of interaction with their company all at a lower cost than doing it themselves. Since 1999, InSite has supported numerous service and marketing campaign ... read Insite Support Services reviews & insights
As a full service Business Processes Outsource Provider, InSite enables its clients to take advantage ... read Insite Support Services reviews & insights
< $25/hr2 - 91999Nevada, United StatesBadass P.A. provides extra time to busy people for true work/life balance by offering savvy and affordable help through a variety of services in an efficient, friendly, and straight-forward manner. Badass P.A. is all about getting your stuff done. Whether you need us for one hour or an entire day, we'll knock out that pesky ... read Badass P.A. reviews & insights
Badass P.A. provides extra time to busy people for true work/life balance by offering savvy ... read Badass P.A. reviews & insights
< $25/hr2 - 9Portland, United StatesAstraServ delivers award-winning contact center Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) services with a track record of success, and as an integral part of our client’s business. Our clients maintain control over the outsourced programs while eliminating the labor costs, operational obligations and the related liabilities. We offer a set of affordable and flexible inbound/outbound/blended programs in ... read AstraServ reviews & insights
AstraServ delivers award-winning contact center Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) services with a track record of ... read AstraServ reviews & insights
$25 - $49/hr10 - 492000Enid, United StatesGroupOne Health Source is an end-to-end medical billing, transcription, information technology, and consulting firm dedicated to improving the revenue cycle management and operations for medical groups and health systems across the U.S. We provide healthcare leaders with the revenue cycle confidence they need to build stronger organizations that continue to expand and advance patient care ... read GroupOne Health Source reviews & insights
GroupOne Health Source is an end-to-end medical billing, transcription, information technology, and consulting firm dedicated ... read GroupOne Health Source reviews & insights
< $25/hr250 - 9991991Indianapolis, United StatesResults Billing Service is a nationwide billing company that is very affordable. We are CPC certified with over 15 years experience in the medical billing field. We strive to continue our success in the market with continue education and to stay up to date and current with any CPT or ICD-10 changes.
Results Billing Service is a nationwide billing company that is very affordable. We are CPC ... read Results Billing Service reviews & insights
< $25/hr2 - 9Kansas City, United StatesDave and LuAnne Cowles, owners of AnswerLink, have a long and successful heritage in the service industry. They have been serving businesses since 1965. But the roots of the “family tree” extend much deeper. LuAnne’s parents, George and Lula Holland, were among the first 50 ServiceMaster franchisees when they signed on more than a half-century ... read AnswerLink Of Kansas reviews & insights
Dave and LuAnne Cowles, owners of AnswerLink, have a long and successful heritage in the ... read AnswerLink Of Kansas reviews & insights
< $25/hr2 - 91965Hutchinson, United StatesCentralized Showing Service (CSS) is an essential part of an agent’s daily life. It’s about the seamless integration of personal service and user-friendly technology that delivers accurate information in real-time, every day.
Centralized Showing Service (CSS) is an essential part of an agent’s daily life. It’s about ... read Centralized Showing Service reviews & insights
< $25/hr250 - 9991996Overland Park, United StatesOne Call Concepts provides the end-to-end solutions that help everyone involved with underground damage prevention work more efficiently, save money, and get critical information.
One Call Concepts provides the end-to-end solutions that help everyone involved with underground damage prevention ... read One Call Concepts reviews & insights
< $25/hr50 - 2491982Hanover, United StatesThrough our smart digital marketing & online acquisition technology, worldwide customer support operations, and innovative customer experience platform, ibex helps Fortune 500 brands acquire, engage, and retain valuable customers. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., ibex has delivery locations across 27 sites in seven countries, and maintains a network of 17,000 employees. With our CLX platform, we ... read Ibex reviews & insights
Through our smart digital marketing & online acquisition technology, worldwide customer support operations, and innovative ... read Ibex reviews & insights
$50 - $99/hr10000+2002Nashville, United StatesGabbyville is an award-winning provider of friendly, peppy and efficient virtual receptionists that will keep your business running like a well-oiled machine – at a fraction of the cost!
Gabbyville is an award-winning provider of friendly, peppy and efficient virtual receptionists that will keep ... read Gabbyville reviews & insights
< $25/hr10 - 49Knoxville, United StatesPremier BPO LLC was established in 2003. It strives to combine customer needs with technology and people to produce a synergistic blend of customized solutions that produce higher profits, reduced costs, greater customer satisfaction and lasting client relationships. Premier BPO LLC’s business philosophy is inspired by the vision that, “Our customer’s customer is Our Customer”, ... read Premier BPO reviews & insights
Premier BPO LLC was established in 2003. It strives to combine customer needs with technology ... read Premier BPO reviews & insights
< $25/hr250 - 9992003Clarksville, United StatesLocated in Northeast Omaha, Nebraska, North End Teleservices was founded in partnership with the Omaha Economic Development Corporation with a strong belief in urban development and the creation of jobs in the cities in which we live. Omaha has a long, rich history which has played a key role in the development and growth of ... read North End Teleservices reviews & insights
Located in Northeast Omaha, Nebraska, North End Teleservices was founded in partnership with the Omaha ... read North End Teleservices reviews & insights
< $25/hr50 - 2492015Omaha, United StatesxtDirect is a leading business process outsourcing service provider based on Omaha Nebraska. Since 2001, xtDirect has been helping enterprises from varied regions and sectors to run their business operations smoothly by providing a gamut of business process outsourcing services and solutions – call center consulting, full service call center outsourcing, business process and QA ... read XtDirect reviews & insights
xtDirect is a leading business process outsourcing service provider based on Omaha Nebraska. Since 2001, ... read XtDirect reviews & insights
< $25/hr250 - 9992003Omaha, United States
Post your project. Get proposals from PRO-verified firms.
Goodfirms recommends the top 3. You pick the winner.
Why Trust Goodfirms
Goodfirms is the world’s leading reviews and ratings company featuring 100,000+ tech companies from across the globe, complete with 80,000+ humanly vetted client reviews, detailed portfolios, hourly rates, employee strength, and more to help you choose your perfect tech partner.
Humanly-Vetted Client Reviews
Our researchers have personally vouched for the authenticity of 80,000+ client reviews by speaking directly with clients, cross-checking project details, timelines, and results to ensure 100% credibility.
Data-Driven Rankings
Data powers our company listings. Every company listed is evaluated based on its expertise, experience, market presence, reviews, and client satisfaction rate, which helps buyers confidently choose the right tech partner.
Global Trust & Recognition
Goodfirms is trusted by 100,000+ businesses in 160+ countries to connect with reliable tech partners. Our reputation is built on 80,000+ verified reviews and rankings you can trust.
Transparency In Detail
From verified client reviews and portfolio highlights to service focus and pricing, Goodfirms provides a 360-degree view of every company, helping 2+ million monthly users find the perfect tech partner.
Trending insights from Goodfirms
Valuable insights from top experts accelerate decision-making.

Why the Human Voice Still Wins in Customer Service
AnswerConnect's Natalie Ruiz on why 83% of customers still want a real person on the phone, and why automation costs more than it saves.

Call Center Outsourcing: Costs, Benefits & Top Providers in 2026
Explore call center outsourcing pricing, delivery models, and how AI is transforming the industry. Compare top providers on Goodfirms.

Payment Gateway vs Payment Processor: Key Differences and When to Build Your Own (2026)
Confused about payment gateways vs processors? Learn what each does, how they work together, and when building your own makes financial sense.
The Magical Quadrant
Hover any bubble for the firm's exact scores. Filter the view using the controls on the right.
The four quadrants explained
Each card shows the count of firms in that quadrant and the top 5 by composite score.
Strong execution but broader service mix. High-quality generalists - good fit if your project crosses multiple disciplines in one engagement.
Top 5 by composite score
1Belkins48 / 52Deeply specialised but with moderate market presence. Often the right pick when specialisation matters more than scale - boutique shops with deep technical chops.
Newer entrants and smaller boutiques. Higher risk but often the best price-performance - particularly for early-stage startups or non-mission-critical projects.
The 8 highest-scoring firms in the Industry Leaders quadrant. Each has both Core Competencies and 360-Performance ≥ 50. Click any card for the full profile.
How firms are placed on the matrix
Every position on this chart is the output of the Goodfirms ranking algorithm - a weighted composite of signals across two axes. The algorithm is recomputed regularly and is fully documented.
Sponsorship does not affect placement. PRO members receive visible badges and ad placements, but their algorithmic scores are calculated identically to free listings.
Read the full methodology





































